Two Coin Hoards from Hiding Complexes in Galilee and the Question of Their Association with the Gallus Revolt

Abstract

Khirbat Khuwweikha and Ḥorbat Ḥuqoq represent two of 83 identified hiding complexes in Galilee, a minority of which have produced artifacts from the Second Temple period and subsequent eras during archaeological investigations. Both sites have yielded mid-fourth-century CE coin hoards attributed to the reign of Constantius II, who appointed his cousin Constantius Gallus as governor of the eastern Roman provinces in 351 CE. This unprecedented discovery offers valuable new insights into the historical context of Galilee during the period surrounding the Gallus Revolt — a rebellion decisively quelled by Gallus, yet one for which extant historical and archaeological documentation is limited.